President Sticks It To the Vaccine Industry

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PRESIDENT STICKS IT TO THE VACCINE COMPANIES
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Hope you had fun with the cooking video - a play on words. Be ready for what is coming.
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President Trump has just stuck it to the Vaccine Industry and Big Pharma.


Please Momma: No Killer Vaccine:





As Florida pushes through a real NAZI vaccine law to force massive vaccinations on their people to Fund ISIS - Yes, Vaccine Profits Fund ISIS - President Trump has just created a new Wing of the Department of Human Health Services (HHS) that will enforce a New Law allowing people to reject any medical Procedure on either a Religious or Personal Basis.

If you do not want to be vaccinated, or have an abortion, or get any medical procedure you can say no and there is now an enforcement wing that will protect you.

Further - you can deny these practices on your child. As an American (Name With Now Capitol Letters you have always had this right) but now you have another level of protection.

This New Law Clearly States that you may reject Any Medical Procedure based on Conscience or Religious Freedom.

Please consider though that ALL Schools are Private Corporations that illegally collect YOUR Taxes to operate and they may insist that if you attend your children get vaccinated.

Home school them if you have to - but do not allow these NAZI Pigs who worship Lucifer to touch your children medically.

Stand Your Ground

And now you have HHS with an Enforcement Wing to help you.
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IN THE GOOD NEWS DEPARTMENT:

1) Larry Nassar, US Olympics Doctor, has now been sent to jail for over 40 cases of Rape. He was initially convicted of “Child Porn” - which is a Code Word for “Elite Take Down.” Apparently he said something he should not have said.

There is so much more to this story as many of these Olympic Stars are now Humans that were Genetically Modified for performance.
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2) North Korea is again formally asking for Reunification.





North Korea’s King Kim Jung Un will go down in history as the Greatest Korean Leader in history if he can reunify Korea - and the South Koreans are more than willing to reunify their tiny nation.

If they do reunify they will become one of the greatest Economic Power Houses on planet.

North Korea has a $20 Billion Dollar legal GNP and a $20 Billion Dollar narcotics trade. So as soon as they figure out this little dilemma of trade routs they can be reunified. 

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OIL PRODUCTION LIE:

Last night a caller called into George Noory and clearly stated that the US is now the Number one Oil Producing Nation on the planet - topping Russia back in 2012 - and now exports around 14 Million Barrels a year.

A quick check of Saudi Oil Production, at 10 Million Barrels a day and a $370 Million Dollar Daily Income puts their oil at around $37/Barrel - not the Speculative Price we are all told at $67/Barrel.

This means that the US is now bringing in around $200 Billion per year in Oil Revenue - something my sources have confirmed.

What this means is that the US Dollar may remain strong - but expect much larger inflation - especially in food prices - as the Planet’s Food Production begins to fall due to Non-Producing Poisonous GMOs - starting today.

We are being lied to at every level. 

Pray that those at SERCO and the Main Stream Media who spread these lies either begin telling the truth or are immediately Neutralized.
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IN OUR HUMOR DEPARTMENT:

1) A 102 Year Old Great Great Grandma says that her daily dose of chocolate is the key to her health.

Eunice Modlin, Born in 1915, said that her good diet and daily intake of chocolate has kept her healthy all these years.

Eunice has a living Younger Brother who is 101 years old.
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2) Too bad Rosie the Riveter didn’t listen. She just died at the young ag of 96.

Rosie the Riveter - Played By Geraldine Doyle - was the iconic Woman that promoted Women working in factories to help supply our troops in WW2.
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3) Finally - In a Camel Beauty Contest in Saudi Arabia a Scandal erupts. Apparently a Doctor was caught injecting a Dozen Camels with Botox around the lips, eyes, nose and jaw.

Apparently these Muslims consider this Camel Beauty Pageant very seriously and about $57 Million Dollars is awarded to the winners of a Camel Race and another $32 Million is awarded to the winners of the Beauty Contest.

Remember the Old Adage: I’d Walk A Mile For A Camel?

Would you walk a mile for a Beautiful Camel?


LOVELY CAMELS - LONG LIPS, SOFT EARS:




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We discuss investing in Gold and Silver so now may be a great time to call Noble Gold.
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THE MILLS OF THE GODS GRIND SLOW BUT EXCEEDING FINE
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Pray for President Trump’s safety as those who stand in his way will fall to the wayside - so GOD has said it - so it shall be.
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This is YOUR channel where about 90% of the stories come from YOU

Often times I have another story read to go - but since is YOUR channel we report on what YOU have asked for.

YOU have a voice

The News You Need

The Wall Of Truth

Dr William B. Mount

REFERENCES:

Trump Protects Right To Reject Vaccines With New HHS Division | SOTN: Alternative News & Commentary


Proposed law would turn Florida into a vaccine police state: “Women’s Cancer Prevention Act” would mandate mass injections with toxic HPV vaccines – NaturalNews.com


HHS Takes Major Actions to Protect Conscience Rights and Life | HHS.gov


HHS Announces New Conscience and Religious Freedom Division | HHS.gov





Conscience and Religious Freedom | HHS.gov



Larry Nassar Sentenced to 40 to 175 Years in Prison for Sexual Assault | One America News Network


North Korea sends rare announcement to all Koreans, calls for unification | One America News Network


Chocolate for longevity: Great grandmother, 102, attributes her long and healthy life to a daily treat of the dark stuff – NaturalNews.com


Naomi Parker Fraley, the 'real' Rosie the Riveter, dies at 96


noelle nurmi on Twitter: "RIP to a true icon Naomi Parker Frayley aka Rosie the Riveter. She passed away today at 96 #WeCanDoIt… "


A Dozen Camels Disqualified From Saudi Beauty Pageant Over Botox Injections : The Two-Way : NPR

FBI RAID ON CDC HQ ATLANTA - CONFIRMED

FBI RAIDS CDC HEAD QUARTERS IN ATLANTA

FBI RAIDS CDC HQ IN ATLANTA - YouTube

This morning President Trump ordered the CDC Headquarters in Atlanta to be raided at 3:00 Am Their Time.

Although Unconfirmed the CDC did tell me on the phone a few minutes ago: "We Are Not Allowed To Comment On That.Please Email me and we will give you a statement about it. "

I also had 36 Posts on my video 10 minutes before it was posted...

Long before the Employees began showing up to work the FBI was busting down doors and seizing computers.

Accompanying these FBI Agents was Dr William Thompson - who is a CDC Whistle Blower.

The raid was ordered by the President and was led by Sally Yates - Acting Attorney General and part of the King and Spalding Law Group, which was also working with President Trump’s huge law firm: “Jones Day.”

All of the records for the Vaccines - what is in them, what they have done to people across the globe - it is all being seized as you read this.
As soon as President Obama took office he granted both the CDC and Monsanto protection in their massive use of GMO Foods and Vaccines to kill people world wide. That protection is now gone. The employees involved in murder and disabling people world wide have two choices: Become a whistle blower or face 20 years to life in prison.

There is no place you can hide on this planet or in this planet.

So what is in Vaccines that make them so deadly???

Of the 202 children we have worked with 2 were autistic due to Vaccines given to the Mothers while she was in the military. The other 200 became autistic the day they were vaccinated and all have Indigo Aura.

All of the Autistic Children had, after the vaccinations: High levels of Mercury, Uranium, Nangalese (Destroys Nerve Cells), Malaria, Relapsing Fever (Mostly Lyme Disease), and a host of other diseases like Babesiosois, Erhlichiosis, etc.

Those with Chrystaline Aura’s were killed outright. This author has a Chrystaline Aura.

So this morning President Trump ordered a raid on the CDC Headquarters in Atlanta and the Intelligence Office below the CDC Headquarters.

The penalty for purposely murdering and crippling American’s is covered in USC 18 and is 20 years in jail to death.

The arrests begin today - the Tribunals (Trials) of these “Paid Terrorists” will begin in late March. They may be televised or they  may be very quiet.

So now what do you do if your child was made autistic.

First - Realize moms that YOU did not do this to your child. Autism is not genetic, period. They were made Autistic by some really sick people who need to be thrown in jail for  life.

Second - Go to You Tube and watch the video THE CURE FOR AUTISM

Third: Most likely you were never given a Vaccine Information Sheet when your child was vaccinated. This gives you grounds for a Law Suit. Against the company that gave your child the vaccination. Unfortunately you are fighting the Vaccine Companies and they are notorious for paying off judges and witnesses.

Fourth - Seek the truth - this is hard to find. If you produced the truth you will be attacked over and over again.

Of all the videos I have produced this one is attacked by the “CIA Trolls” the most. We had over 80 Trolls hit this video in the last two months alone.

Firth - Moms - this is how you reverse the effects of Autism:

…a) No more GMO Foods, no more Food Colorings and no more chemicals for you or your children.

…b) For bread - Eat Spelt and Spent alone.

…c) For Oil - Use Coconut oil, Period, Too many Olive Oils contain Canola Oil - a GMO Rapeseed Plant - which makes Cows sick. What do you think it does to your child???

…d) Sweetener - No Sugar, no artificial sugars. Some Pure Cane Brown Sugar and Birch Wood Xylitol Sugar to harden their teeth is good.

…e) Tooth Paste - No More Fluoride Tooth Pastes. Period.

…f) Immusist - follow the instructions closely. This is the Surfactant identical to what we take out of Kelp and, in my opinion, the only product that will walk your child out of Autism.

…g) Citric are - be careful as it is very powerful. Both Citricare and Immusist maybe purchased at Vim and Vigor. I make no money off any of these companies. This is my country and YOU have a RIGHT to reverse what these Vaccine Companies did to you.

…h) Eat Sea Weed

…i) Pray

It will be a long road but worth while moms. When your non-speaking Autistic Child looks up for the first time and says: “Moooooom Iiou Loovvve Yououou” it will bring tears to your eyes.

There is no other method to remove Autism - no other method.

Not mud baths, not eating clay, not cold lasers. Until the Surfactant in Immusist breaks down the Nangalase and disperses the Viral toxins so your own White Blood Cells can destroy the diseases in your child’s little body - they will always be autistic.
==========================What You Can Expect:

A non-speaking autistic male age 12 named “Sam” (Name Changed to protect them) began eating Immusist. He has now graduated from High School and is almost normal - except his Emotional Age is only about 10.

As  for a 5 or 6 year old child with Extreme Autism - by the time they are 12 to 13 almost all effects are eliminated.

If you catch a partially Autistic child at, say, age 10 by the time he is 20 the All Effects of the Autism will be completely and forever more erased. This is so common.

This “Curing” Autism is a new Field so expect the unexpected.
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Please pray that your family has the Wisdom to start reversing Autism in any of your children.

Pray that your family is ready for what the Bankstas are about to throw at America.
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----SAVING’S TIP OF THE DAY----

Two Cirticare and one Immusist $152.

Anti-aging - I now sleep around 5-6 hours a day - lots of energy.

Hair Restoration - Nothing Yet

Tooth Reminerilization: We will now after a dental appointment tomorrow but so far so good.

CitriCare citrus seed extract
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The News You Need

Dr William B. Mount
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President Trump Orders FBI To Conduct Massive Raid On CDC Headquarters








VACCINE DAMAGE:

ALL OF THESE CHILDREN WERE NORMAL THE DAY BEFORE HTEY WERE VACCINATED:

Pictures Of Vaccine Horrors

Real Horrors of Vaccinations, thank you Natural News.

http://www.naturalnews.com/048691_vaccine_damaged_children_graphic_photos_medical_mutilation.html#

Natural News: The Story just in case you cannot access it form above:

Vaccine horrors: Medical mutilation of innocent children exposed in GRAPHIC photos of "safe" vaccines gone horribly wrong

A two-year-old boy who developed a serious reaction to his father's smallpox vaccination has recovered but disease detectives found infectious virus all over his house, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Thursday. A photo of the boy's stomach is seen in a handout photo from the University of Chicago's Comer Children's Hospital.



A severe adverse reaction to a hepatitis vaccination:



A horrifying reaction to the BCG vaccine:



Severe skin reactions following vaccination:





Facial contortions and distortions following DTP vaccine:



Another innocent victim of vaccine damage:



Neurologically damaged by the DPT vaccine:



A smallpox vaccine reaction that has nearly destroyed this person's arm and shoulder:



Another severe skin reaction following vaccination:



Extreme tissue damage caused by vaccines:



The HPV vaccine turned this normal, healthy girl into a brain-damaged victim of vaccines:

Please see: Video: Mount The Cure For Cancer

We can reverse this damage.

Dr William B Mount

42% Of All Drug Reactions Are Vaccine Related

Adverse Drug Reactions of Spontaneous Reports in Shanghai Pediatric Population

Hui Li,^#1 Xiao-Jing Guo,^#1 Xiao-Fei Ye,^#1 Hong Jiang,^#1,2 Wen-Min Du,³ Jin-Fang Xu,¹ Xin-Ji Zhang,¹ and Jia He^1,*

Malcolm Gracie Semple, Editor

Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►

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Abstract

Background

Knowledge of drug safety in the pediatric population of China is limited. This study was designed to evaluate ADRs in children reported to the spontaneous reporting system (SRS) of Shanghai in 2009.

Methodology and Principal Findings

Crude ADR reports submitted to Shanghai SRS in 2009 for individuals aged from birth to 17 years (including 17 years) were included. Data were analyzed with respect to age, gender, category of ADR (System Organ Class [SOC]), the severity of reports and type of reporter.

Results

A male overrepresentation was observed regarding the total number of reports. The most frequently reported group of drugs were vaccines (42.15%). Skin rash and fever were the commonest symptoms reported in the total pediatric dataset. The proportion of children that suffered from a serious ADR was 2.16% and that for drug related deaths was 0.34%. And we found that the multiple drug exposure experienced a high proportion of serious ADRs compared with the single drug use (χ²=15.99, P<0.0001). Sixty-five percent of ADRs were for children less than 6 years of age. And more than half of reports were from doctors.

Conclusions

In our study, consumers were more likely to report new ADRs though they appear to contribute a relatively small percentage of total reports. We propose that patients would take an active role in reporting ADRs. More researches are needed in order to achieve better understanding the characteristics of ADRs in pediatric population of China.

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Introduction

Adverse drug reaction (ADRs) are defined as events related to a medication that are noxious, unintended and occur at normal doses used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease, or for modification of physiological function by World Health Organization (WHO). This definition excludes accidental or deliberate excessive dosage or maladministration [1]. ADRs are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries [2], [3]. In the UK a major study of hospital patients found that up to 6.5% of admissions were due to ADRs, and 2.3% of those patients died after admission in hospital [3]. A systematic review have shown that the incidence rates for ADRs causing hospital admission ranged from 0.4% to 10.3% of all children (pooled estimate of 2.9% (2.6%, 3.1%)) and from 0.6% to 16.8% of all children exposed to a drug during hospital stay [4]. In addition, ADRs constitute a major cost factor in public health care. Almost 5% of hospital admissions in the pediatric setting and 10% of hospitalized pediatric patients are presumably due to drug related problems [5], [6], [7]. A large variety of drugs are used in children now [8], although many of them have been marketed without trials regarding the efficacy and safety in this population. Little attention has been paid to the safety of medicines in children [9], [10]. The ADRs resulting from the administration of a drug that has not been test and proven in the pediatric population through proper clinical trials may therefore lead to significant morbidity and death among children [11], [12]. In a meta-analysis of 17 prospective studies performed in the United States and Europe, the overall incidence of ADRs in hospitalized children was estimated to be 9.53% (95% CI 6.8 to 12.6) and in pediatric outpatients 1.46% (95% CI 0.7 to 3.3), and serious reactions accounted for 12% of the total number of ADRs. The contribution of ADRs to the hospitalization of children was estimated to be 2.09% (95% CI 1.02 to 3.77) [7]. Knowledge of drug safety is limited in the pediatric population, especially for off-label drugs. Less than half of those specifically intended for children are operated on the basis of clinical trials which demonstrate specific features of risk-benefit balance in children [13]. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs has been shown to be an important method of increasing such knowledge and the method could be considered particularly important in children since drugs are not routinely test in the pediatric population [14]. A major function of the spontaneous reporting system is early detection of signals of new, rare or serious ADRs. The SRS covers a large number of patients and a wide range of drugs. It is therefore a relatively cost-effective method for drug safety monitoring [15]. However, few studies were conducted to investigate knowledge of drug safety in Chinese children.

The Shanghai ADR SRS is a part of China ADR SRS and one of the major goals of this system is the timely detection of possible new ADRs. There are 12000–16000 ADR reports submitted to the system annually now. Both urban and rural areas in Shanghai are included in this ADR monitoring scheme, covering more than 17,000,000 inhabitants. Pharmaceutical manufactures, healthcare professionals (HCPs), and drug dealers are the main sources of reports. This scheme is a voluntary reporting system without any incentive. The monitoring scheme includes not only prescribed medications, but also over the counter, traditional Chinese remedies, etc. In this study, we demonstrated the characteristics of suspected pediatric ADRs reported to the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center of Shanghai.

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Methods

Data Acquisition

The data was downloaded automatically from the system via http://www.adr.gov.cn, which was developed by National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center of China. We cannot get ADR incidence rates as the true extent of drug use was unknown, so all the data in the manuscript were frequency of reports. Personal information was excluded in our dataset, and individual identify codes in SRS were marked with random numbers. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. The ethics committee waived the need of informed consent for the study because of its retrospective nature and data were analyzed anonymously.

Data Coding

The ADR names were coded according to MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities, version 3.0.2b) terminology at SOC level. In addition, generic names of drugs were standardized and coded according to the catalogue of generic names for common prescription drugs issued by the Ministry of Health of China in 2007. The website http://app1.sfda.gov.cn/datasearch/face3/dir.html and Chinese Pharmacopoeia were also used as materials for our work [16]. We classified each ADR as a general, serious, new general or new serious reaction based on the Measures for the Reporting and Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reactions definitions [17]. Serious Adverse Drug Reactions means one of the following harmful situations caused by taking drugs: 1. Results in death; 2. Results in cancer, a persistent of significant disability/incapacity; 3. Results in life threatening; 4. A persistent of injury to organ function; 5. Results in hospitalization or prolongs an existing inpatient hospitalization. And new ADRs means adverse reactions that are not recorded and explained on the drug package insert [17]. Age -specific groups were classified into newborn (0–1 month), infant (1–23 months), preschool child (2–5 years), child (6–12 years), and adolescent (13–17 years, including 17 years) [18]. When a suspected ADR is reported more frequently on the combination of two drugs as compared with the situation where these drugs are used in the absence of each other, this association might indicate the existence of a drug-drug interaction (DDI) [19], [20]. By patient reporting we mean a slightly adapted version of the van Grootheest definition: ‘users of drugs (or their parents or cares) reporting suspected ADRs directly to a spontaneous reporting system [21].

Data Split

ADR report may contain one or more drugs and ADRs. In this study, all drug-event pairs, whether the role of the drug of interest was considered ‘suspect’ or ‘concomitant’, was included and the calculation was based on the counts of drug-event pairs in the analysis.

Data Analyses

Categorical data were compared by Chi-square test, and ranked data by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Fisher’s exact test was used when numerators were small number. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the rates of new ADRs report in different reporters were calculated using Logistic Regression. Only two-tailed tests were used. A P-value of 0.05 or less was considered to be significant and statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.3 software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA).

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Results

A total of 24292 reports were submitted to Shanghai SRS in 2009, and 3945 reports concerning children 0–17 years (including 17 years) were retrieved from the system. Of the 3945 reports, 97 were deleted from our analyses for the following reasons: drug administration was to the mother (n=1); out-of-range age (n=86); no suspected ADR (n=9); or no suspected drug (n=1). In total, we examined 3848 reports of suspected pediatric ADRs that were reported to the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center of Shanghai during the study period.

The 3848 reports included 4430 suspected ADRs, with an average of over 10 reports per day and 1.15 ADRs per child. There were 666 reports, which cited more than one suspected drug (Table 1). The total number of suspected drugs in pediatric reports was 4619 with a mean number of 1.20 drugs per child.

Table 1

Number of suspected drugs per ADRs report.

ADRs by Age and Gender

The age- and gender-specific prevalence of ADRs was presented in Fig. 1. In general, a total of 1790 ADRs (40.41%) and 2640 ADRs (59.59%) were reported for female and male patients, respectively. More ADRs were reported for boys than girls except the 0–1 month group. When the data were assessed in terms of age groups, almost two thirds of ADRs were reported for children from birth to 5 years of age (65.01%) and 39.46% concerned children aging 2 months-2 years (Fig. 1). Table 2 showed the number of serious ADRs report of different age groups. The highest proportion (6.58%) of serious reports was reported for newborn (0–1 month). A total of 110 serious ADRs were detected in our analysis with 57 (2.16%) in male patients and 53 (2.96%) in female patients. No statistically significant difference was observed between boys and girls by Fisher exact test (P=0.095, two sided test of proportions).

Figure 1

Age- and gender-specific prevalence of ADRs based on the data from Shanghai SRS (2009).

Table 2

Number of ADRs reports by age and severity category.

ADRs by Vaccines and Non-vaccines

The single most common reaction was exanthema, followed by fever, application site reaction and vomiting (Table 3). Regarding assessment of drugs, the most frequent reports were related to vaccine use (1622 reports, 42.15%). When the non-vaccine related reports were discriminated by excluding children that had been reported to have a suspected ADR of a vaccination, the total number of children, whom an ADR had been related to, were then reduced to 2649. Skin reactions were still most frequently reported. The most commonly reported drugs among serious reports were antibacterials for systemic use (32.82%), nervous system (17.56%) and vaccines (13.74%). When drugs were assessed, cefuroxime (382 reports), azithromycin (340 reports) and cefotiam (130 reports) were the most frequently reported non-vaccine related drugs. When assessing the serious ADRs, the frequency of the non-vaccine related increased to 83.64%, the most frequently reported non-vaccine drugs were ceftriaxone (9 reports), cefuroxime (7 reports) and lamotrigine (7 reports).

Table 3

Ten most frequently reported ADRs.

Multiple Drug Exposure and Serious ADRs

Among the total 3848 ADRs reports, there were 3182 single drug use and 666 multiple drug exposure reports (Table 1). Two point forty-eight percent (110/4430) of the adverse drug reactions were reported as serious reactions (48 new serious ADRs). The most frequently reported serious reactions were Anaphylactic Shock (17 reports, 15.45%) followed by exanthema (11 reports, 10.00%). Fifty-five (1.73%) and 28 (4.20%) reports in single drug use and multiple drug exposure, respectively, were registered as serious. It seemed that multiple drug exposure experienced a high proportion of serious ADRs compared with the single drug use (χ²=15.99, P<0.0001, two sided test of proportions).

Outcomes of ADRs Reports

Of all 3848 children, 1176 (30.56%), 2655(69.00%), 4(0.10%), 13(0.34%) children were reported to be cured, getting better, recovering with sequelae, and death, respectively (Table 4). Vaccine accounted for 50% of these cases, and others were central nervous system agents. The fraction of non-vaccine related reports with total recovery of the patients was 30.10% (670) and 69.45% (1546) of children were getting better. Two children had recovered with sequelae of non-vaccine related reports. There were 13 drug related deaths, with 8 of non-vaccine and 5 vaccine related reports (Table 5).

Table 4

Outcomes resulting from ADR Reports.

Table 5

Reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children leading to death.

ADRs by Type of Reporter and Severity

Analysis of the ADR reports for children received in 2009 of spontaneous reporting system (SRS) of Shanghai showed that 9.68% (429) of the suspected ADRs were described as new to the Agency, of which 381 ADRs were general and 48 ADRs were serious. There were 52.03% (2002 reports), 24.27% (934 reports) and 15.46% (595 reports) of reports from physicians, pharmacists and other HCPs, respectively. For the total 3848 reports, Spontaneous reports from consumers (like patients themselves or their parents) appear to contribute a relatively small percentage of total reports (2.52%, 97 reports). Nearly 5.72% (220) of reporters did not give their occupations. The difference on distributions of severity between different reporters was not statistically significant (χ²_CMH=3.09, P=0.377). However, it was concluded that the sources of reports might have a difference between new and traditional ADRs (χ²_CMH=22.45, P<0.0001). When compared with reports from other HCPs, consumers were more likely to report new ADRs (OR=5.06, 95% CI 1.84 to 13.94, Table 6).

Table 6

The Logistic regression results of different reporters (new or traditional ADRs).

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Discussion

In our study, more than 50% of the ADRs were reported for children from birth to 5 years of age and almost 40% concerned children between 2 months and 2 years of age. Similar findings were observed in other studies [22], [23], [24]. Several reasons might contribute to the higher reporting rates in young children. Firstly, young children are more closely monitored by physicians and parents. Secondly, a large number of ADRs reported in this age group may also be due to the widely use of off-label and unlicensed drugs. Thirdly, Children under 5 were the most common age group for vaccination. The ADR rate causes by vaccine is much higher than other drugs, and this may be related to the types and number of vaccination being used in China, as the types of routine immunization vaccines in China reach up to 15 kinds, which is much higher than 7 kinds in India and Vietnam, 9 kinds in Thailand and 11 kinds in America, and most of the vaccines in China are attenuated live vaccines, which may bring greater potential safety hazard. In addition, previous studies suggested an increased risk of ADRs for drugs used off-label [25], [26], [27]. This was an important issue regarding children’s health risk. Some studies in adults demonstrated that female patients were more prone to develop ADRs than male patients whereas other studies did not [28], [29]. However, a recent pediatric study published in 2011 found that a high proportion of ADR reports among children were for boys [30]. For our research, there seems to be an overrepresentation of male patients in the ADR reports except the 0–1 month group, which is consistent with Star’s finding [30]. This may be explained by more attention being paid to ADRs in males than females in some parts of China or it is an indication that male patients truly suffer more often from ADRs than female ones. Further investigations are needed to explain this finding.

In the present survey, skin reactions were the most frequently reported ADRs, regardless of including or excluding of vaccine-related reports. And this is consistent with previous findings [23], [31]. Antibiotics were the most frequently reported pharmacological group of drugs in previous studies in contrast to our study where vaccines were most commonly reported [31], [32], [33]. This difference might be due to the occurrence of Type A H1N1 influenza in China this year, and HCPs or parents paid close attention to children who got flu vaccine to prevent the influenza. Our study showed that the majority of the children recovered without sequelae and about 1.04% recovered with sequelae. Vaccines were associated with the highest number of Children that recovered with sequelae, followed by central nervous system agents.

With the seemingly constant flow of new therapeutic agents and new treatment indications for existing medications, polypharmacy is increasingly common [34], [35]. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) occur when two or more drugs are taken in combination and one drug influences the effects of another drug. This may subsequently cause a change in the pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic parameters which may lead to lack of efficacy, or to an increase in the number of reported adverse drug reactions. The association between multiple drug exposure and the incidence of ADRs has been studied, consistently showing an exponentially increased risk with the increase of the number of drugs taken [36], [37]. When assessing the severity of the reported ADRs, our study confirmed that multiple drug exposure experienced a high proportion compared with the single drug use. This finding indicate that in order to minimize the risk of serious ADRs, HCPs should pay particular attention to children who are prescribed two drugs or more.

The majority of ADRs in children were reported by physicians, and equal shares of serious ADRs were reported by physicians, pharmacists, other HCPs and consumers. This was different with studies of other countries [22], [33]. Previous founding suggested that patients’ reports were more likely to be serious ADRs than health professional reports [38]. In our study, there were just a small proportion of reports from patients themselves or their parents, but they might report more new ADRs. The importance of patient reporting in not only contributing to ‘signal generation’ but also providing data on ‘adverse changes in the quality of life which can be very important, real and distressing to the medicine user yet are unlikely to be clear to a prescriber’ was also highlighted [39]. Patient reporting of suspected ADRs in Shanghai should be encouraged and their reports should be taken as seriously as reports from other sources.

There is so little known of ADRs in the Chinese population, especially for the children. Our study analyzed information reported to Shanghai ADR database on ADRs in pediatric population, and in conclusion, a male overrepresentation was observed regarding the total number of reports, most ADRs were for children less than 6 years of age, the multiple drug exposure experienced a high proportion of serious ADRs, and consumers just contributed a limited number of ADR reports. There were also several limitations of this study. We just evaluated ADRs in children reported to the SRS of Shanghai in 2009, in order to achieve better understanding the characteristics of ADRs in pediatric population more researches are needed. Substantial underreporting of ADRs is a well-known phenomenon, which makes it difficult to estimate the ADR incidence for pediatric patients. In this study, the results suggest that 2.16% of all ADRs were severe, and 0.34% were fatal. However, the true proportion is likely to be much lower than this because severe reactions are much more likely to be reported. We recommend more prospective investigations in outpatient and inpatient settings to better estimate the type and incidence of ADRs in Chinese children.

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center of Shanghai, who contributed the data.

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Funding Statement

This study was funded by three grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81072388, No. 81202285, No. 81373105), the key discipline construction of evidence-based public health in Shanghai (No. 12GWZX0602) and Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 12ZR1453700). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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